Dietary Advancement Therapy using milk and egg ladders among children with a history of anaphylaxis.

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is increasing in recent years, with common triggers in infants being milk and eggs. Currently the mainstay of treatment for milk and/or egg allergy is strict avoidance. Recently new therapies have emerged including stepwise introduction of allergens via a ladder approach. The suitability of infants for the ladders is debated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to focus on the use of food ladders in children with anaphylaxis to egg or milk. METHODS: Retrospective review of paediatric patients diagnosed with IgE-mediated milk and/or egg allergy between 2011-2021. Inclusion and exclusion criteria applied. Anaphylaxis defined as per the World Allergy Organisation amended criteria 2020. Data analysis utilised SPSS Version 28. RESULTS: 1552 patient charts reviewed, 1094 excluded (n=458). 70 infants had anaphylaxis at diagnosis (milk n=36, egg n=34). 77.8%-85.2% with anaphylaxis successfully completed the ladder, 88.9-92.9% without anaphylaxis were successful. Children who successfully completed the ladder did so at similar rates. 20.6-50% children presenting with anaphylaxis at diagnosis experienced allergic symptoms during treatment, compared to 17.3-40.7% without anaphylaxis. Reactions were mild, mostly cutaneous and not requiring medical attention. Patients experiencing allergic symptoms while on the ladder were less likely to successfully complete treatment. CONCLUSION: Milk and egg ladders are a safe and effective way of inducing tolerance in infants, including those with a history of anaphylaxis at diagnosis. There are no obvious predictors for who will experience allergic reactions while on the ladder, however these children are less likely to complete the ladder so parents should be educated in management of mild allergic reactions at home.

Novel 14q32.2 paternal deletion encompassing the whole DLK1 gene associated with Temple syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Temple syndrome (TS14) is a rare imprinting disorder caused by maternal UPD14, imprinting defects or paternal microdeletions which lead to an increase in the maternal expressed genes and a silencing the paternally expressed genes in the 14q32 imprinted domain. Classical TS14 phenotypic features include pre- and postnatal short stature, small hands and feet, muscular hypotonia, motor delay, feeding difficulties, weight gain, premature puberty along and precocious puberty. METHODS: An exon array comparative genomic hybridization was performed on a patient affected by psychomotor and language delay, muscular hypotonia, relative macrocephaly, and small hand and feet at two years old. At 6 years of age, the proband presented with precocious thelarche. Genes dosage and methylation within the 14q32 region were analyzed by MS-MLPA. Bisulfite PCR and pyrosequencing were employed to quantification methylation at the four known imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMR) within the 14q32 domain: DLK1 DMR, IG-DMR, MEG3 DMR and MEG8 DMR. RESULTS: The patient had inherited a 69 Kb deletion, encompassing the entire DLK1 gene, on the paternal allele. Relative hypermethylation of the two maternally methylated intervals, DLK1 and MEG8 DMRs, was observed along with normal methylation level at IG-DMR and MEG3 DMR, resulting in a phenotype consistent with TS14. Additional family members with the deletion showed modest methylation changes at both the DLK1 and MEG8 DMRs consistent with parental transmission. CONCLUSION: We describe a girl with clinical presentation suggestive of Temple syndrome resulting from a small paternal 14q32 deletion that led to DLK1 whole-gene deletion, as well as hypermethylation of the maternally methylated DLK1-DMR.

Image-guided transbronchial pulmonary cryoablation with a flexible cryoprobe in swine: performance and radiology-pathology correlation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of a prototype flexible transbronchial cryoprobe compared to percutaneous transthoracic cryoablation and to define cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging and pathology cryolesion features in an in vivo swine model. METHODS: Transbronchial cryoablation was performed with a prototype flexible cryoprobe (3 central and 3 peripheral lung ablations in 3 swine) and compared to transthoracic cryoablation performed with a commercially available rigid cryoprobe (2 peripheral lung ablations in 1 swine). Procedural time and cryoablation success rates for endobronchial navigation and cryoneedle deployment were measured. Intraoperative CBCT imaging features of cryolesions were characterized and correlated with gross and H&E-stained sections of the explanted cryolesions. RESULTS: The flexible cryoprobe was successfully navigated and delivered to each target through a steerable guiding sheath (6/6). At 4 min post ablation, 5/6 transbronchial and 2/2 transthoracic cryolesions were visible on CBCT. The volumes on CBCT images were 55.5±8.0 cm3 for central transbronchial ablations (n=2), 72.5±8.1 cm3 for peripheral transbronchial ablations (n=3), and 79.5±11.6 cm3 for peripheral transthoracic ablations (n=2). Pneumothorax developed in one animal post transbronchial ablation and during ablation in the transthoracic cryoablation. Images of cryoablation zones on CBCT correlated well with the matched gross and histopathology sections of the cryolesions. CONCLUSIONS: Transbronchial cryoablation with a flexible cryoprobe, delivered through a steerable guiding sheath, is feasible. Transbronchial cryoablation zones are imageable with CBCT with gross and histopathology similar to transthoracic cryoablation.

Exposure of protected areas in Central America to extreme weather events.

Central America and the Caribbean are regularly battered by megadroughts, heavy rainfall, heat waves, and tropical cyclones. Although 21st-century climate change is expected to increase the frequency, intensity, and duration of these extreme weather events (EWEs), their incidence in regional protected areas (PAs) remains poorly explored. We examined historical and projected EWEs across the region based on 32 metrics that describe distinct dimensions (i.e., intensity, duration, and frequency) of heat waves, cyclones, droughts, and rainfall and compared trends in PAs with trends in unprotected lands. From the early 21st century onward, exposure to EWEs increased across the region, and PAs were predicted to be more exposed to climate extremes than unprotected areas (as shown by autoregressive model coefficients at p < 0.05 significance level). This was particularly true for heat waves, which were projected to have a significantly higher average (tested by Wilcoxon tests at p < 0.01) intensity and duration, and tropical cyclones, which affected PAs more severely in carbon-intensive scenarios. PAs were also predicted to be significantly less exposed to droughts and heavy rainfall than unprotected areas (tested by Wilcoxon tests at p < 0.01). However, droughts that could threaten connectivity between PAs are increasingly common in this region. We estimated that approximately 65% of the study area will experience at least one drought episode that is more intense and longer lasting than previous droughts. Collectively, our results highlight that new conservation strategies adapted to threats associated with EWEs need to be tailored and implemented promptly. Unless urgent action is taken, significant damage may be inflicted on the unique biodiversity of the region.

Ciclones, olas de calor, sequías y lluvias intensas son eventos comunes en Centroamérica y el Caribe, cuya frecuencia, intensidad y duración se espera aumente durante el siglo XXI a causa del cambio climático. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, se desconoce cuál será la incidencia de estos eventos meteorológicos extremos (EME) dentro de las áreas protegidas. En este estudio examinamos la exposición histórica y futura a los extremos climáticos y comparamos el grado de exposición dentro y fuera de las áreas protegidas de toda la región por medio de 32 métricas que describen distintas dimensiones (intensidad, duración y frecuencia) de las olas de calor, los ciclones, las sequías y las precipitaciones. Los resultados indican que a medida que aumente el número de EME, las áreas protegidas estarán más expuestas a los extremos climáticos que las áreas no protegidas. Esto es especialmente cierto en el caso de las olas de calor, que, según las proyecciones, tendrán una intensidad y una duración medias significativamente mayores, y de los ciclones tropicales, que afectarán más gravemente a las zonas protegidas en los escenarios intensivos en carbono. Nuestros resultados también indican que las zonas protegidas estarán significativamente menos expuestas a sequías o lluvias torrenciales que las zonas no protegidas. Sin embargo, las sequías que podrían amenazar la conectividad entre áreas protegidas son cada vez más frecuentes en esta región. Se estima que aproximadamente el 65% del área de estudio experimentará al menos un episodio de sequía más intenso y duradero que las sequías anteriores. En conjunto, nuestros resultados ponen de relieve la necesidad de diseñar y aplicar con prontitud nuevas estrategias de conservación adaptadas a las amenazas asociadas a los EWE. A menos que se tomen medidas urgentes, la biodiversidad única de la región podría sufrir daños considerables.

Potentially toxic elements fluxes in 210Pb-dated sediment cores from a large coastal lagoon (southern Gulf of Mexico) under environmental stress.

Terminos Lagoon (TL), in the southern Gulf of Mexico, has been under intensive anthropogenic pressure (e.g., oil-industry development) since the 1970s. Historical changes in flux ratios of potentially toxic elements (PTEs; As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) were, for the first time, assessed inside TL by using 210Pb-dated sediment cores. Sediments showed minor enrichments for Cd, Ni, Pb, and V. However, according to international benchmarks, the As, Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations could pose a risk for benthic biota. Sedimentary processes involved in the accumulation of PTEs were identified through a chemometric approach. Increments in PTEs flux ratios concur with the recent (⁓50 years) and extensive land-use changes, particularly the transport and deposit of materials delivered by rivers. These findings are expected to be used in managing this crucial natural resource, the larger Mexican coastal lagoon ecosystem, to mitigate the effects of global change.

Measuring attention of ADHD patients by means of a computer game featuring biometrical data gathering.

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed mainly in children, marked by inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. The symptoms are highly variable, such as different ages of onset and potential comorbidities, contributing to frequent misdiagnoses. Professionals note a gap in modern diagnostic tools, making accurate identification challenging. To address this, recent studies recommend gamification for better ADHD diagnosis and treatment, though further research is essential to confirm its efficacy. This work aims to create a serious game, namely "Attention Slackline", to assess attention levels. The game, designed with expert input, requires players to concentrate on a specific point to recognize specific patterns while managing distractions. A controlled experiment tested its precision, and results were compared with established attention tests by a correlation analysis. Statistical analysis confirmed the game's validity, especially in tracking attention through correct responses and errors. Preliminary evidence suggests that "Attention Slackline" may serve as a credible instrument for the assessment of attentional capacities in individuals with ADHD, given that its outcomes have been empirically shown to correlate with those derived from a well-established attention assessment methodology.

A novel approach to identify the brain regions that best classify ADHD by means of EEG and deep learning.

Objective: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most widespread neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in childhood. ADHD is diagnosed by following the guidelines of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). According to DSM-5, ADHD has not yet identified a specific cause, and thus researchers continue to investigate this field. Therefore, the primary objective of this work is to present a study to find the subset of channels or brain regions that best classify ADHD vs Typically Developing children by means of Electroencephalograms (EEG). Methods: To achieve this goal, we present a novel approach to identify the brain regions that best classify ADHD using EEG and Deep Learning (DL). First, we perform a filtering and artefact removal process on the EEG signal. Then we generate different subsets of EEG channels depending on their location on the scalp (hemispheres, lobes, sets of lobes and single channels) and using backward and forward stepwise feature selection methods. Finally, we feed the DL neural network with each set, and compute the f1-score. Results and conclusions: Based on the obtained results, the Frontal Lobe (FL) (0.8081 f1-score) and the Left Hemisphere (LH) (0.8056 f1-score) provide more significant information detecting individuals with ADHD, than using the entire set of EEG Channels (0.8067 f1-score). However, when combining the Temporal, Parietal and Occipital Lobes (TL, PL, OL), better results (0.8097 f1-score) were obtained compared with using only the FL and LH subsets. The best performance was obtained using Feature Selection Methods. In the case of the Backward Stepwise Feature Selection method, a combination of 14 EEG channels yielded a 0.8281 f1-score. Similarly, using the Forward Stepwise Feature Selection method, a combination of 11 EEG channels yielded a 0.8271 f1-score. These findings hold significant value for physicians in the quest to better understand the underlying causes of ADHD.

Overexpression of Fut 2, 4, and 8, and nuclear localization of Fut 4 in ovarian cancer cell lines induced by ascitic fluids from epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

Fucosyltransferases (Fut) regulate the fucosylation process associated with tumorogenesis in different cancer types. Ascitic fluid (AF) from patients diagnosed with advanced stage of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is considered as a dynamic tumor microenvironment associated with poor prognosis. Previous studies from our laboratory showed increased fucosylation in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3, cancer-derived cell lines, when these cells were incubated with AFs derived from patients diagnosed with EOC. In the present work we studied three fucosyltransferases (Fut 2, Fut 4, and Fut 8) in SKOV-3, OVCAR-3 and CAOV-3 cell lines in combination with five different AFs from patients diagnosed with this disease, confirming that all tested AFs increased fucosylation. Then, we demonstrate that mRNAs of these three enzymes were overexpressed in the three cell lines under treatment with AFs. SKOV-3 showed the higher overexpression of Fut 2, Fut 4, and Fut 8 in comparison with the control condition. We further confirmed, in the SKOV-3 cell line, by endpoint PCR, WB, and confocal microscopy, that the three enzymes were overexpressed, being Fut 4 the most overexpressed enzyme compared to Fut 2 and Fut 8. These enzymes were concentrated in vesicular structures with a homogeneous distribution pattern throughout the cytoplasm. Moreover, we found that among the three enzymes, only Fut 4 was located inside the nuclei. The nuclear location of Fut 4 was confirmed for the three cell lines. These results allow to propose Fut 2, Fut 4, and Fut 8 as potential targets for EOC treatment or as diagnostic tools for this disease.

Telehealth interventions for transition to self-management in adolescents with allergic conditions: A systematic review.

Telehealth is an emerging approach that uses technology to provide healthcare remotely. Recent publications have outlined the importance of supporting the transition to self-management of adolescents with allergic conditions. However, no synthesis of the evidence base on the use and impact of telehealth interventions for this purpose has been conducted to date. This review achieves these aims, in addition to exploring the language use surrounding these interventions, and their implementation. Four databases were searched systematically. References were independently screened by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Eighteen articles were included, reporting on 15 telehealth interventions. A total of 86% targeted adolescents with asthma. Mobile applications were the most common telehealth modality used, followed by video-conferencing, web-based, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. Five intervention content categories were identified; educational, monitoring, behavioural, psychosocial and healthcare navigational. Peer and/or healthcare professional interaction, gamification and tailoring may increase engagement. The studies showed positive effects of the interventions or no difference from active controls, in self-management outcomes such as knowledge, health outcomes such as quality-of-life, and economic outcomes such as healthcare utilization. The most common implementation outcomes reported were acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility and fidelity.

Teaching children with food allergy to recognize anaphylaxis: The caregivers' perspectives.

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is rising in prevalence among children. The current recommendations on the effective transition of anaphylaxis management to adolescents and young adults suggest preparation for the transition may be considered at 11-13 years of age in accordance with the patient's developmental stage. However, there has been limited research conducted on the perspective of caregivers regarding the transition of anaphylaxis management to their children. This study aims to determine the age caregivers feel it is appropriate to begin to teach their child to recognize anaphylaxis and use their adrenaline auto-injectors (AAI). METHODS: Caregivers of pediatric allergy patients who have been diagnosed with IgE-mediated food allergy and have an AAI prescription were contacted by phone and invited to complete a questionnaire about when they feel it is appropriate to begin to teach their child to recognize anaphylaxis and use their AAI. RESULTS: Of the 123 responses to the questionnaire received, 44.7% indicated that 9-11 years was the appropriate time for teaching their children to self-inject an AAI. History of severe anaphylaxis (94.3%), child's ability to describe reasons to inject adrenaline (87.8%), and demonstrate AAI use (82.1%) were "very important" readiness factors identified. Almost half of caregivers were "not confident" (8.94%) or "somewhat confident" (40.65%) in training their child to use AAI. Caregivers with higher household incomes more frequently identified themselves as the party responsible for training their children to use AAI (p = .04). CONCLUSION: Caregivers in this sample expressed different perspectives than the current guidelines regarding the timing to initiate the transition of anaphylaxis management to their child. Caregivers expressed suboptimal confidence in teaching their children to use AAI. Clinicians should be aware of the factors that may indicate caregivers' desire to initiate an earlier transition of anaphylaxis management to their child and ensure access to appropriate training, education and support is available.

Drivers of mangrove vulnerability and resilience to tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic Basin.

The North Atlantic Basin (NAB) has seen an increase in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones since the 1980s, with record-breaking seasons in 2017 and 2020. However, little is known about how coastal ecosystems, particularly mangroves in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, respond to these new "climate normals" at regional and subregional scales. Wind speed, rainfall, pre-cyclone forest height, and hydro-geomorphology are known to influence mangrove damage and recovery following cyclones in the NAB. However, previous studies have focused on local-scale responses and individual cyclonic events. Here, we analyze 25 years (1996-2020) of mangrove vulnerability (damage after a cyclone) and 24 years (1996-2019) of short-term resilience (recovery after damage) for the NAB and subregions, using multi-annual, remote sensing-derived databases. We used machine learning to characterize the influence of 22 potential variables on mangrove responses, including human development and long-term climate trends. Our results document variability in the rates and drivers of mangrove vulnerability and resilience, highlighting hotspots of cyclone impacts, mangrove damage, and loss of resilience. Cyclone characteristics mainly drove vulnerability at the regional level. In contrast, resilience was driven by site-specific conditions, including long-term climate trends, pre-cyclone forest structure, soil organic carbon stock, and coastal development (i.e., proximity to human infrastructure). Coastal development is associated with both vulnerability and resilience at the subregional level. Further, we highlight that loss of resilience occurs mostly in areas experiencing long-term drought across the NAB. The impacts of increasing cyclone activity on mangroves and their coastal protection service must be framed in the context of compound climate change effects and continued coastal development. Our work offers descriptive and spatial information to support the restoration and adaptive management of NAB mangroves, which need adequate health, structure, and density to protect coasts and serve as Nature-based Solutions against climate change and extreme weather events.

The manifold costs of being a non-native English speaker in science.

The use of English as the common language of science represents a major impediment to maximising the contribution of non-native English speakers to science. Yet few studies have quantified the consequences of language barriers on the career development of researchers who are non-native English speakers. By surveying 908 researchers in environmental sciences, this study estimates and compares the amount of effort required to conduct scientific activities in English between researchers from different countries and, thus, different linguistic and economic backgrounds. Our survey demonstrates that non-native English speakers, especially early in their careers, spend more effort than native English speakers in conducting scientific activities, from reading and writing papers and preparing presentations in English, to disseminating research in multiple languages. Language barriers can also cause them not to attend, or give oral presentations at, international conferences conducted in English. We urge scientific communities to recognise and tackle these disadvantages to release the untapped potential of non-native English speakers in science. This study also proposes potential solutions that can be implemented today by individuals, institutions, journals, funders, and conferences. Please see the Supporting information files (S2-S6 Text) for Alternative Language Abstracts and Figs 5 and 6.

Phase 3 Trial of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy in Toddlers with Peanut Allergy.

BACKGROUND: No approved treatment for peanut allergy exists for children younger than 4 years of age, and the efficacy and safety of epicutaneous immunotherapy with a peanut patch in toddlers with peanut allergy are unknown. METHODS: We conducted this phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving children 1 to 3 years of age with peanut allergy confirmed by a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge. Patients who had an eliciting dose (the dose necessary to elicit an allergic reaction) of 300 mg or less of peanut protein were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive epicutaneous immunotherapy delivered by means of a peanut patch (intervention group) or to receive placebo administered daily for 12 months. The primary end point was a treatment response as measured by the eliciting dose of peanut protein at 12 months. Safety was assessed according to the occurrence of adverse events during the use of the peanut patch or placebo. RESULTS: Of the 362 patients who underwent randomization, 84.8% completed the trial. The primary efficacy end point result was observed in 67.0% of children in the intervention group as compared with 33.5% of those in the placebo group (risk difference, 33.4 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 22.4 to 44.5; P<0.001). Adverse events that occurred during the use of the intervention or placebo, irrespective of relatedness, were observed in 100% of the patients in the intervention group and 99.2% in the placebo group. Serious adverse events occurred in 8.6% of the patients in the intervention group and 2.5% of those in the placebo group; anaphylaxis occurred in 7.8% and 3.4%, respectively. Serious treatment-related adverse events occurred in 0.4% of patients in the intervention group and none in the placebo group. Treatment-related anaphylaxis occurred in 1.6% in the intervention group and none in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: In this trial involving children 1 to 3 years of age with peanut allergy, epicutaneous immunotherapy for 12 months was superior to placebo in desensitizing children to peanuts and increasing the peanut dose that triggered allergic symptoms. (Funded by DBV Technologies; EPITOPE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03211247.).

Morbidity and mortality in hip surgery patients due to fracture during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 epidemic generated major changes in general surgical management protocols. The literature has reported high mortality rates for hip fracture surgery in patients with COVID-19. This study describes the morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery due to hip fractures in 12 Colombian institutions between March and September 2020. METHODOLOGY: This was a retrospective observational descriptive study. Medical records of 12 hospitals were reviewed. Consecutive patients who underwent hip fracture surgery from March 6 to September 6, 2020, were included. Data collected were sociodemographic profile, type of fracture, surgical treatment, complications, and early (1 month) or mid-term (1-6 months) mortality associated or not with COVID-19. RESULTS: Five hundred twenty patients with hip fractures requiring surgery in the 12 institutions were included. 364 (70%) were women; mean age was 77.7 years (SD: 13.8), mean BMI was 25.1, 91.73% of patients had at least one comorbidity, 60.38% were classified as ASA II and 25.77% as ASA III. There were 267 (51.34%) pertrochanteric fractures, 227 (43.65%) femoral neck fractures, and 26 (5.0%) subtrochanteric fractures. 274 (52.69%) patients were treated with osteosynthesis, 244 (46.92%) with arthroplasty, and 2 (0.38%) with girdlestone. Surgery was performed less than 24 h after the fracture for 115 (22.11%) patients, between 24 and 72 h for 208 (40.0%) patients, and more than 72 h for 197 (37.88%) patients. One hundred six patients in total suffered a medical or surgical complication throughout the different follow-up stages, amongst the most frequent were respiratory failure, coronary events, surgical site infection, cutting-out and peri­implant fracture. 25 (4.8%) patients required attention in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). 13 patients had COVID-19 throughout the follow-up period. 27 patients died due to any cause, and 3 of them had reported a positive COVID-19 test any time during follow-up period, of which one died during the first month, and two died between 1 and 6 months. Statistically significant associations were found between age older than 75 years old, ASA classification, ICU requirement, and death. CONCLUSION: 520 patients received surgical treatment for hip fracture during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic in 12 medical centers in Colombia. 21.10% suffered a complication during the early stage (30 days) and 4.77% during the midterm stage (1-6 months). 4.8% were admitted in the ICU during the early stage. All-cause death was 27 patients, early death was 11 (40.74%) and midterm death was 16 (59.25%). 13 patients were positive for COVID-19, 3 died, one (1/5=20%) on the first 30 days and the other two (2/8=25%) from month 1 to 6.

Imaging and Pathologic Evaluation of Cryoablation of Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

We characterized cryoablation as a mode of clinical intervention in adult woodchucks with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Woodchucks (n = 4) were infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus at birth and developed LI-RADS-5 hypervascular HCC. At 21 mo of age, they underwent ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) imaging, and US-guided subtotal cryoablation (IcePearl 2.1 CX, Galil, BTG) of their largest tumor (Mean HCC volume of 49 ± 9 cm³). Cryoablation was performed using two 10-min freeze cycles, each followed by an 8-min thaw cycle. The first woodchuck developed significant hemorrhage after the procedure and was euthanized. In the other 3 woodchucks, the probe track was cauterized and all 3 completed the study. Fourteen days after ablation, CECT was performed, and woodchucks were euthanized. Explanted tumors were sectioned using subject-specific, 3D-printed cutting molds. Initial tumor volume, the size of the cryoablation ice ball, gross pathology and hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections were evaluated. On US, the edges of the solid ice balls were echogenic with dense acoustic shadowing and average dimensions of 3.1 ± 0.5 × 2.1 ± 0.4 cm and cross-sectional area of 4.7 ± 1.0 cm². On day 14 after cryoablation, CECT of the 3 woodchucks showed devascularized hypo-attenuating cryolesions with dimensions of 2.8 ± 0.3 × 2.6 ± 0.4 × 2.93 ± 0.7 cm and a cross sectional area of 5.8 ± 1.2 cm². Histopathologic evaluation showed hemorrhagic necrosis with a central amorphous region of coagulative necrosis surrounded by a rim of karyorrhectic debris. A rim of approximately 2.5 mm of coagulative necrosis and fibrous connective tissue clearly demarcated the cryolesion from adjacent HCC. Partial cryoablation of tumors produced coagulative necrosis with well-defined ablation margins at 14 d. Cauterization appeared to prevent hemorrhage after cryoablation of hypervascular tumors. Our findings indicate that woodchucks with HCC may provide a predictive preclinical model for investigating ablative modalities and developing new combination therapies.